Acute Gastritis
Acute gastritis is a sudden inflammation or swelling in the lining of the stomach. It can cause severe and nagging pain. However, the pain is temporary and usually lasts for short period of time. Acute gastritis comes on suddenly, and can be caused by injury, bacteria, viruses, stress, or ingesting irritants such as alcohol, NSAIDs, steroids, or spicy food. It is often only temporary. Chronic gastritis, on the other hand, comes more slowly and lasts longer. Chronic gastritis might cause more of a consistent dull ache than the more intense pain of acute gastritis.
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Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Loss of Appetite
- Bloating and Gas
- Belching
- Heartburn or Indigestion
- Hematemesis (Vomiting Blood)
- Black, Tarry Stools (Melena)
- Feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen
- Fatigue and Weakness
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Causes
- Helicobacter pylori Infection
- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
- Excessive Alcohol Consumption
- Stressful Events or Conditions
- Bacterial or Viral Infections
- Autoimmune Reactions
- Severe Illness or Injury
- Chemical Irritants
- Radiation Therapy
- Certain Medications
Complications
Complications of Acute Gastritis include:
Peptic Ulcers
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Gastric Erosions
Gastric Perforation
Pernicious Anemia
Gastric Cancer (in chronic cases)
Malabsorption Syndromes
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Electrolyte Imbalance
FAQ
Yes, stress can exacerbate symptoms of acute gastritis or trigger flare-ups. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, exercise, and counseling may help in symptom management.
Yes, smoking can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of developing acute gastritis. Quitting smoking is beneficial for overall stomach health.
Over-the-counter antacids or acid-reducing medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may provide temporary relief from symptoms such as heartburn or indigestion. However, it's important to consult a doctor before using any medications.
NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen or aspirin) can worsen gastritis symptoms and may lead to complications like gastrointestinal bleeding. It's best to avoid NSAIDs unless prescribed by a doctor, who may suggest alternative pain relief methods.
Yes, severe or prolonged acute gastritis may lead to a loss of appetite and subsequent weight loss. It's important to monitor weight changes and seek medical advice if significant weight loss occurs.
Yes, while many cases of acute gastritis resolve with proper treatment, recurrence is possible, especially if underlying risk factors such as H. pylori infection or NSAID use persist. Following a healthy lifestyle and avoiding triggers can help prevent recurrence.
Yes, inflammation of the stomach lining can disrupt normal digestion and absorption of nutrients, leading to symptoms like bloating, gas, and malabsorption. In severe cases, this may require medical intervention and dietary adjustments.
Yes, tests such as upper endoscopy with biopsy, urea breath test, stool antigen test, or blood tests for specific antibodies can help identify underlying causes such as H. pylori infection or autoimmune conditions.
It's generally advised to avoid alcohol altogether, as it can irritate the stomach lining and worsen symptoms of acute gastritis. Abstaining from alcohol until symptoms resolve is recommended for optimal recovery.
Yes, if left untreated, acute gastritis can progress to chronic gastritis or complications such as peptic ulcers, gastric erosion, or even gastric cancer. Seeking prompt medical attention and adhering to treatment recommendations can help prevent these outcomes.
