Hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis typically occurs when a kidney swells due to urine failing to drain properly from the kidney to the bladder. This most commonly affects only one kidney but can involve both. Hydronephrosis isn’t a primary disease. It’s a secondary condition that results from some other underlying disease. It’s structural and is the result of a blockage or obstruction in the urinary tract.
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Symptoms
- Pain in the abdomen or flank
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Pain when urinating
- Incomplete voiding, or bladder emptying
- A fever
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Causes
- Urinary Tract Obstruction
- Kidney Stones
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
- Pregnancy
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Congenital Abnormalities
- Tumors
- Neurogenic Bladder
- Scar Tissue Formation
- Medications
Complications
Complications of Hydronephrosis include:
Kidney Damage
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Kidney Failure
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
Sepsis
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Kidney Stones
Renal Colic (Severe Pain)
Hematuria (Blood in Urine)
Hydronephrosis During Pregnancy
FAQ
Hydronephrosis is relatively common in children and may be detected during prenatal ultrasound or later in childhood. Management may involve close monitoring, imaging studies, and occasionally surgical intervention, depending on the severity and underlying cause.
Hydronephrosis can occur or worsen during pregnancy due to pressure from the growing uterus on the urinary tract. Management typically involves monitoring kidney function, pain management, and occasionally interventions to relieve urinary obstruction, under close obstetric and urological supervision.
While dietary recommendations may vary based on individual circumstances, maintaining adequate hydration, avoiding excessive salt intake, and following a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can support kidney health and overall well-being.
Yes, even mild cases of hydronephrosis can lead to kidney damage and other complications if left untreated over time. It's important to address the underlying cause and manage the condition promptly to prevent long-term consequences.
Depending on the cause and severity of hydronephrosis, non-invasive or minimally invasive treatments such as medication, ureteral stent placement, or percutaneous nephrostomy may be options to relieve urinary obstruction and alleviate symptoms.
Hydronephrosis may recur if the underlying cause is not adequately addressed or if new obstructions develop. Preventive measures may include regular follow-up appointments, lifestyle modifications, and prompt treatment of urinary tract infections or other contributing factors.
Hydronephrosis can lead to gradual impairment of kidney function if left untreated, making regular monitoring of kidney function through blood tests and imaging studies important for early detection and intervention.
Yes, there are online and community-based support groups, as well as educational resources provided by medical organizations, that can offer information, guidance, and emotional support for individuals and families affected by hydronephrosis.
Older adults may be more prone to hydronephrosis due to age-related changes in the urinary tract. Management may involve addressing comorbidities, adjusting medications, and considering the impact of hydration and mobility on kidney health.
Effective communication with your healthcare provider is key to ensuring proper diagnosis and management of hydronephrosis. Prepare a list of questions and symptoms before appointments, and don't hesitate to ask for clarification or express any concerns you may have about your condition.
